What Are The Green Production Technologies For EAF Short Process Steelmaking?

Under the background of "double carbon" goal, exploring the development and application of breakthrough technologies and processes is the main development direction of steel industry in the future.

At present, China's crude steel production is mainly blast furnace converter steelmaking. This process involves the whole process from raw material processing to ironmaking and steelmaking, so it has high energy consumption and carbon emission intensity. Among them, coal is the main fuel of the process and the main source of CO2 emissions.

In contrast, the short process steelmaking process of electric arc furnace takes the recycled scrap steel as the main raw material, electricity as the energy medium, and uses the arc thermal effect to melt the scrap steel into molten steel, realizing "replacing coal with electricity", which has a good carbon reduction effect. "Near zero carbon emission" electric arc furnace steelmaking uses green and clean energy to smelt low carbon or micro carbon raw and auxiliary materials, and produces steel billets through "non carbon related" smelting technology, so as to achieve near zero CO2 emission in the steelmaking process.

What is the short flow steelmaking process of electric arc furnace?

Electric arc furnace steelmaking is a steelmaking method that uses the heat effect of electric arc to heat furnace charge for smelting. The electric energy is input into the electric arc steelmaking furnace through the graphite electrode, and the arc between the electrode end and the furnace charge is used as the heat source for steelmaking.

Scrap steel is the main raw material for electric arc furnace steelmaking, and alloy, lime, carburetor, etc. are auxiliary raw materials. The basic processes of electric arc furnace steelmaking include slag raking, charging, power transmission, melting, oxidation, reduction refining and tapping.

What are the green production technologies of electric arc furnace?

Green production of electric arc furnace is mainly to reduce energy consumption, reduce pollutant emissions and improve resource recycling efficiency. In order to realize green production of electric arc furnace, key technologies such as waste heat recovery, coke replacement and scrap preheating have been developed successively.

Waste heat recovery: A large amount of high-temperature dusty flue gas will be produced during the smelting process of the electric arc furnace, which takes away about 11% of the total energy input of the electric arc furnace, up to 20%. Effective utilization of the energy in the flue gas can save a lot of energy, thus indirectly reducing CO2 emissions.

Coke replacement: carbon distribution is required to meet the requirements of molten pool temperature rise, stirring and foam slag submerged arc in the process of traditional electric arc furnace smelting. In the green production of electric arc furnace, the consumption of non renewable fossil energy such as coke should be reduced as much as possible.

Scrap preheating: scrap is preheated and then put into the furnace, which can shorten the smelting cycle of the electric arc furnace and reduce energy consumption. It is an important energy-saving technology for electric arc furnace smelting.

What is the development status of domestic EAF short process steelmaking process?

With the promotion of the "double carbon" goal, the rapid increase of scrap resources and the reduction of scrap prices, electric arc furnace steelmaking will become an important steelmaking process in China.

In the future, electric arc furnace steelmaking will further optimize the whole process of electric arc furnace steelmaking based on batching, power supply, oxygen supply, auxiliary energy input, slagging and other processes, improve the electric arc furnace steelmaking process integrating operation, process, quality, cost and environmental protection, finally achieve the goal of green, intelligent, efficient and low-cost steelmaking of electric arc furnace, and further promote the transformation and upgrading of the steel industry.